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1. Food and feeding of the mackerel icefish (Champsocephalus gunnari) around South Georgia in January/February 1991

   ) in the stomachs and the feeding intensity were uncommonly low in a period when energy rich food is needed ... in a period when energy rich food is needed for the final maturation of the gonads. ... ) in the stomachs and the feeding intensity were uncommonly low in a period when energy rich food is needed ... and the low feeding intensity of the fish in the period when energy-rich food is needed for the rapid build ... (Eds.). AntarktisExpedition 1975176 der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, Arch. Fisch Wiss. 29 (Beih.1): 31 ...

   Science Journal Paper : Selected Scientific Papers, SC-CAMLR-SSP/8 (Selected Scientific Papers, SC-CAMLR-SSP/8) : 15–23 : Author(s): Kock, K.-H., I. Everson, S. Campbell, G. Parkes, Z. Cielniaszek and J. Szlakowski

2. Analysis of variability of krill size and fish by-catch in the Japanese krill fishery based on scientific observer data

   discussion is needed about the optimal relative sample size to ensure the statistical precision required ... resources and the Antarctic ecosystem, while further discussion is needed about the optimal relative sample ... ecosystems CCAMLR Science, Vol. 19 (2012): 31–47 31 ANALYSIS OF VARIABILITY OF KRILL SIZE AND FISH ... further discussion is needed about the optimal relative sample size to ensure the statistical precision ... krill fishing vessels tar- get adult krill (95% of length data ranging from 31 to 52 mm in this study ... may need a different level of observer coverage to Japanese vessels in order to sample a minimum ...

   Science Journal Paper : CCAMLR Science, Volume 19 (CCAMLR Science, Volume 19) : 31–47 : Author(s): Okuda, T. and M. Kiyota

3. Krill biomass in Area 48 and Area 58: recalculations of FIBEX data

   concerning the distribution of krill within the area surveyed by Walther Herwig, extreme caution needs ... underline the need for more information on the TS of krill at 50 kHz. 3.2 Task (2) - Extension of New TS ... 37.7 37.7 Prof Siedlecki (Drake) 1-11 2245.9 160.1 0.4 0.4 1.5 4.24 62.0 56.4 239.2 31.0 31.1 31 ... BIO OLD NEW CENIRAL BRANSFIELD Central Bransfield - 1431.6 24.9 6.3 6.8 28.2 155.9 170.1 703.1 31 ...

   Science Journal Paper : Selected Scientific Papers, SC-CAMLR-SSP/9 (Selected Scientific Papers, SC-CAMLR-SSP/9) : 157–181 : Author(s): Trathan, P.N., D.J. Agnew, D.G.M. Miller, J.L. Watkins, I. Everson, M.R. Thorley, E. Murphy, A.W.A. Murray and C. Goss

4. An overview of Southern Ocean zooplankton data: abundance, biomass, feeding and functional relationships (submitted to the 2008 Joint CCAMLR-IWC Workshop)

   to the north and south. Those compiling data on numerical density (no. m –2 or no. m –3) need to allow ... ;2 or no. m–3) need to allow for differences in the extent of identification of early larval stages. Likewise ... on numerical density (no. m–2 or no. m–3) need to allow for differences in the extent of identification ... for databases, meta- analyses and models, there is a need to summarise the plethora of data ... data need to be used instead, and advice is provided on the use of globally derived relationships ... , allometric considerations, as well as appropriate sampling gear, are needed to estimate the total ...

   Science Journal Paper : CCAMLR Science, Volume 19 (CCAMLR Science, Volume 19) : 171–218 : Author(s): A. Atkinson, P. Ward, B.P.V. Hunt, E.A. Pakhomov and G.W. Hosie

5. Identifying taxonomic groups vulnerable to bottom longline fishing gear in the Ross Sea region

   man- agement organisation or agreement (RFMO/A) needs to tailor its definition to be applicable ... for monitoring impacts to poten- tial VMEs is that VME taxa need to be classifiable in real time by either ... , the characteristics used in classification need to reliably distinguish VME taxa from non-VME taxa. A lack ... longline fishery, at 31% of the specimens collected (Parker et al., 2009). Little information on growth ...

   Science Journal Paper : CCAMLR Science, Volume 17 (CCAMLR Science, Volume 17) : 105–127 : Author(s): Parker, S.J. and D.A. Bowden

6. Modelling and decision making as part of the CCAMLR management regime

   understanding of the system's dynamics. While accepting the critical need for further development of models ... scenarios. As such, a "toolbox" of models needs to be developed and such models could then, be used ... in Article 11 of the Convention stress the need to conserve the ecosystem - 299 - as a whole (Edwards ... steps of one year being adequate, or less than one year if seasonal influences need to be considered ...

   Science Journal Paper : Selected Scientific Papers, SC-CAMLR-SSP/3 (Selected Scientific Papers, SC-CAMLR-SSP/3) : 295-322 : Author(s): Miller, D.G.M.

7. A rationale for conservation areas within Antarctic waters

   as well as in their environmental needs and responses, so can hardly be expected to show identical ... relating to land systems is the growing awareness of the need for Specially Protected Areas declared ... for initiating a conservation strategy for these resources. There may be a need for later adjustment ... be accommodated if needed in the future, since the location of every haul will have been recorded. The need ...

   Science Journal Paper : Selected Scientific Papers, SC-CAMLR-SSP/4 (Selected Scientific Papers, SC-CAMLR-SSP/4) : 513-535 : Author(s): Chittleborough, R.G.

8. Assessments of by-catch in trawl fisheries at Heard and McDonald Islands

   tonnes and 50 to 210 tonnes respectively. While refinement of these estimates is needed, they enable ... catches of target species were taken, indicating that CCAMLR's 1996 by-catch rules need revising ... tonnes and 50 to 210 tonnes respectively. While refinement of these estimates is needed, they enable ... catches of target species were taken, indicating that CCAMLR's 1996 by-catch rules need revising ... is needed, they enable a preliminary examination of the potential for the fishery to be exceeding long-term ... by-catch rules need revising in order that prospecting may be undertaken. Thus, to enable prospecting ... 62-87 tonnes, 7-911 tonnes and 50-210 tonnes respectively. Clearly, these estimates need ... and longline fisheries need to be given attention to determine more precisely their long-term annual yields ...

   Science Journal Paper : CCAMLR Science, Volume 5 (CCAMLR Science, Volume 5) : 231–243 : Author(s): Constable, A.J., R. Williams and W.K. de la Mare

9. Precautionary spatial protection to facilitate the scientific study of habitats and communities under ice shelves in the context of recent, rapid, regional climate change

   scientific opportunities. Given the complexity of the possible interactions, and the need to study ... unique scientific opportunities. Given the complexity of the possible interactions, and the need ... interactions, and the need to study these in the absence of any other human-induced perturbation, this paper ... (ATCM, 2010), there is a clear need to provide auto- matic interim protection to newly exposed areas ... ; SC-CAMLR, 2011b, paragraphs 5.67 to 5.77; CCAMLR, 2011a, paragraphs 7.31 to 7.36; SC-CAMLR, 2012a ... - nificant, so the issue needs urgent resolution by CCAMLR. For example, the area of the Wilkins ice shelf ...

   Science Journal Paper : CCAMLR Science, Volume 20 (CCAMLR Science, Volume 20) : 139–151 : Author(s): Trathan, P.N., S.M. Grant, V. Siegel and K.-H. Kock

10. Killer whale (Orcinus orca) and sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) interactions with longline vessels in the Patagonian toothfish fishery at South Georgia, South Atlantic

    with fishing gear are also important considerations. Further investigations are needed to determine the extent ... with fishing gear are also important considerations. Further investigations are needed to determine the extent ... investigations are needed to determine the extent and effects of Purves et al. 112 longline–cetacean ... of safety considerations, visibility of the line during hauling and the need not to obstruct the view ... was the case during 31% of obser- vations. A maximum of fi ve sperm whales was sighted at any one time. Sperm ... during the 31 observation periods (29 hauls) when sperm whales were present. When extrapolating ...

    Science Journal Paper : CCAMLR Science, Volume 11 (CCAMLR Science, Volume 11) : 111–126 : Author(s): Purves, M.G., D.J. Agnew, E. Balguerías, C.A. Moreno and B. Watkins

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