The development of CEMP indices derived from visual data (indices F1, F3 and F4), automatic weather stations and satellite imagery is explored with reference to the CEMP sites at Edmonson Point (Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea, Subarea 88.1) and Béchervaise Island (Mawson, Eastern Antarctica, Division 58.4.2). Possible links between the extent or sea-ice adjacent to CEMP sites, weather conditions at or near CEMP sites, and the dynamics of penguins during the breeding season are discussed.