CONTENTS
Executive Summary
1. Introduction 1.1 A Brief Introduction to the Southern Ocean (K.-H. Kock) 1.2 The History of Exploitation of the Southern Ocean (K.-H. Kock)
2. The Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) and its Management Tasks 2.1 The Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (K.-H. Kock) 2.2 CCAMLR’s Management Tasks and the Definition of its Operational Objectives (W.K. de la Mare)
3. CCAMLR’s Approach to Management 3.1 Directed Scientific Research – Collection of Data for Assessment Purposes (i) Fishery Catch and Effort Statistics (D.J. Agnew, K.-H. Kock) (ii) The CCAMLR Scheme of International Scientific Observation (K.-H. Kock) (iii) Estimating Abundance from Fishery-independent Surveys (I. Everson) (iv) Biological Information (W.K. de la Mare) (v) Monitoring Dependent Species (D.J. Agnew) (vi) Monitoring Sites (D.J. Agnew) 3.2 The Evolution of Management in Existing Fisheries (i) The Early Years – Conventional Approaches in the 1980s (W.K. de la Mare) (ii) Current Approaches – Modelling Studies (a) Krill (D.S. Butterworth) (b) Finfish (W.K. de la Mare) (c) Functional Relationships between Krill and Krill Predators (R. Thomson, M. Mangel, D.J. Agnew) (d) Other Predator–Prey Relationships (I. Everson) (iii) The Concept of Decision Rules (W.K. de la Mare) (iv) Strategic Modelling as a Scientific Basis for Developing Management Strategies (W.K. de la Mare) 3.3 Application of the Ecosystem Approach – Incidental Mortality of Seabirds and Environmental Impacts of Fishing (i) Incidental Mortality of Seabirds in Fisheries, particularly Longline Fisheries (J.P. Croxall) (ii) Entanglement of Marine Mammals in Marine Debris (J.P. Croxall) (iii) The Impact of Fishing on the Seabed (K.-H. Kock) 3.4 Application of the Precautionary Approach – the Protection of Non-target Species in Trawl Fisheries (K.-H. Kock) (i) Bottom Trawling (K.-H. Kock) (ii) Midwater Trawling for Krill (K.-H. Kock) 3.5 Application of the Precautionary Approach – New and Exploratory Fisheries (D.G.M. Miller, W.K. de la Mare)
4. Conclusion
Annexes
I A Brief Description of the Main Species Exploited in the Southern Ocean (K.-H. Kock) II A Brief Description of Species Monitored by the CCAMLR Ecosystem Monitoring Program (J.P. Croxall, I. Boyd) III Further Reading (K.-H. Kock, J.P. Croxall)
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